Evidence-based curriculum for ages 2-8

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How to Teach Phonics to Kindergarteners

Tips and activities to help make learning phonics fun for your kindergartener.

When your child reaches kindergarten age, it’s time to start focusing on learning to read in earnest. Before they move on to first grade, they’ll need to have mastered basic phonics so they’ll be ready to apply those skills as they continue their reading journey.

But what is this concept exactly, and do you teach phonics to kindergarteners?

Phonics Vs. Phonemic Awareness

Phonics

Phonics is a way of teaching kids to read by focusing on the letters in a word and their corresponding sounds.

In kindergarten, kids should master breaking words into individual sounds, and putting sounds together to form new words.

By the time they finish this important year of learning, students should be able to decode (sound out) simple 2 and 3 letter words using their basic phonics skills.

Phonemic Awareness

Building a child’s phonemic awareness can support them in phonics instruction.

Phonemic awareness is like having a special pair of ears that can hear and manipulate the tiniest sounds in words.

Have you ever noticed how you can say “cat” and hear the separate sounds – “cuh,” “aah,” and “tuh”? Think of words as puzzles made of sounds, and you’re the puzzle solver.

Note: Many experts recommend teaching letter phonics in a specific order, rather than alphabetically.

A goal of learning phonics is to get kids reading simple words more quickly, helping emergent readers recognize the progress they’re making. Opinions differ on the exact best order to teach letter phonics; here are few to consider:


Tips for Teaching Phonics to Kindergarteners

1. Make Letter-Sound Correspondence Automatic

There are 44 phonemes in the English language, some of which are made up of multiple letters. For example, in the word “gather”, there are four phonemes: /g/ /a/ /th/ /er/. 

Letter-Sound Correspondence Activities

  • Run letter races. Lay out letter flashcards in random order on the floor (or use sticky notes). Remember to use both upper and lowercase letters.

    Kids start at the beginning, and as they step on each letter, they say the sound it makes. If it makes more than one sound, they must say all the possible sounds before they move on. Time your child, then see if they can beat their best scores each time they play.

ABCmouse to Help Teach Kindergarten Phonics


2. Learn Vowels and Consonants

Vowel and Consonant Activities

  • Bounce letter balls. Label ping pong balls each with an individual letter. Set up two bins, one for vowels and one for consonants. Kids choose a ping pong ball, then see if they can throw or bounce the ball into the correct bin.
  • Try out our Vowel Learning worksheets. These engaging worksheets cover vowel coloring pages, long and short vowel sounds, and vowel teams. They offer a fun way for kids to practice learning different vowel sounds, aiding in reading and spelling skills.

3. Introduce CVC Words

CVC Words Activities

  • Squish playdough letters. Roll three small balls of playdough, and give your child three letter stamps or beads that spell a CVC word. One by one, have them stamp one letter into each ball of dough, saying the sound it makes. Then, have them squish each letter with their finger or thumb, saying the sounds together more quickly. Finally, have them say the whole word and roll all the playdough into one big ball.
  • Find nonsense words. Give your child alphabet beads or blocks, and ask them to put together CVC combinations to see what words they can find. For instance, they might spell “BOJ,” but as they sound it out, they’ll realize that’s not a real word. (This is also a fun way to build vocabulary!)
  • Play Last Letter in Line” on ABCmouse. This game invites children to change the final consonant in CVC words, creating new words and meanings. Accompanied by a friendly character, players enhance their phonics skills, word recognition, and understanding of word structure. “Last Letter in Line” is part of ABCmouse’s comprehensive learning path, designed to reinforce and develop language skills through interactive play.

  • Make rhyming words. This is fun to do with alphabet beads or magnets. Lay out a CVC word, then remove the first letter. Ask your child to try substituting additional letters to find words that rhyme. Make a list as they go, then use those words to write a silly poem.

4. Tackle Beginning Blends

Prefix and Suffix Activities

  • Play “Austin and Scout: The Well of Prefixes” on ABCmouse. Help Austin and Scout escape a well by choosing the correct prefix and root word combinations. This educational game enhances children’s understanding of word formation and vocabulary, forming part of ABCmouse’s interactive learning path.
  • Make prefix flip books. Take a tip from Book Units Teacher and make some easy flipbooks. Cut strips of paper and staple them together at the right end. Make the bottom strip longer than the strips on top, and write a prefix at the beginning so it’s always showing. On the other strips, write base words that go with the prefix. Kids flip the pages and read each new word they’ve created.


Keep Learning!

For more fun first grade learning, check out:

Phonics Games

Engage your Kindergartner with interactive phonics games with voiced instructions for easier understanding.

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Fun Kindergarten Sight Word Activities

Help your child practicing their literacy skills with these fun high-frequency word activities.

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Kindergarten Reading Activities

Add to the fun of reading with activities created especially for Kindergarteners.

Browse →

The Best Books for Kindergarteners

Check out our list of recommended books for Kindergarteners.

Browse →

ABCmouse’s expert advice review process:

Our team of ABCmouse Curriculum Experts, made up of talented professionals in early childhood education and development, take a close look at educational content and learning claims. They put in the effort to make sure our information is accurate and current. We have a certified educator or another respected authority review the content, matching their expertise with the topic at hand. They’ll make sure the content is thorough and follows the latest research and educational guidelines. If they think we can make things even better, they’ll chat with our editorial team, and we’ll make those improvements right away. Only after a reviewer gives their thumbs-up does a piece of content get the official stamp of approval in the byline.

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